Government expenditure on education, total in European Union

European Union: Government expenditure on education, total was 4.7% in 2022. ▬ Flat

Latest (2022)
4.7%
Change on year
down 2.8%
Rank
8th
of 46 groups
All-time high
5.6%
in 2009
All-time low
4.5%
in 1998
Years of data
34
1979–2022

Government expenditure on education, total in European Union, 1979–2022

02461979200020221979: 4.9 % of GDP1988: 4.6 % of GDP1990: 4.6 % of GDP1991: 4.9 % of GDP1992: 5 % of GDP1993: 5 % of GDP1994: 4.7 % of GDP1995: 4.7 % of GDP1996: 4.8 % of GDP1998: 4.5 % of GDP1999: 4.6 % of GDP2000: 4.9 % of GDP2001: 5.1 % of GDP2002: 5.2 % of GDP2003: 5.1 % of GDP2004: 5 % of GDP2005: 5.1 % of GDP2006: 4.9 % of GDP2007: 4.9 % of GDP2008: 5 % of GDP2009: 5.6 % of GDP2010: 5.4 % of GDP2011: 5.1 % of GDP2012: 4.8 % of GDP2013: 5 % of GDP2014: 4.9 % of GDP2015: 4.8 % of GDP2016: 4.8 % of GDP2017: 4.6 % of GDP2018: 4.6 % of GDP2019: 4.6 % of GDP2020: 4.9 % of GDP2021: 4.8 % of GDP2022: 4.7 % of GDP

Source: Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

In 2022, government expenditure on education, total in European Union stood at 4.7%.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 2.8% on the previous year and down 3.6% over ten years.

Over the whole period, government expenditure on education, total in European Union peaked at 5.6% in 2009 and was at its lowest, 4.5%, in 1998.

European Union ranks 8th of 46 groups on this measure, in the top quarter.

Government expenditure on education, total in European Union, year by year

Annual values for Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) in European Union, 1979 to 2022.
Year % of GDP Change
1979 4.9%
1988 4.6% -7.0%
1990 4.6% -0.1%
1991 4.9% +6.6%
1992 5.0% +2.6%
1993 5.0% -1.0%
1994 4.7% -5.1%
1995 4.7% -0.5%
1996 4.8% +1.7%
1998 4.5% -4.6%
1999 4.6% +0.7%
2000 4.9% +6.5%
2001 5.1% +4.5%
2002 5.2% +1.9%
2003 5.1% -1.4%
2004 5.0% -1.2%
2005 5.1% +0.6%
2006 4.9% -2.5%
2007 4.9% -1.7%
2008 5.0% +2.9%
2009 5.6% +11.4%
2010 5.4% -3.5%
2011 5.1% -4.7%
2012 4.8% -5.5%
2013 5.0% +3.4%
2014 4.9% -2.3%
2015 4.8% -0.8%
2016 4.8% -0.4%
2017 4.6% -3.8%
2018 4.6% -1.2%
2019 4.6% +1.0%
2020 4.9% +6.6%
2021 4.8% -2.8%
2022 4.7% -2.8%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1970s 4.9% 4.9% 4.9% 1
1980s 4.6% 4.6% 4.6% 1
1990s 4.7% 4.5% 5.0% 9
2000s 5.1% 4.9% 5.6% 10
2010s 4.9% 4.6% 5.4% 10
2020s 4.8% 4.7% 4.9% 3

Countries ranked near European Union

  1. 5 Algeria 9.0% compare
  2. 6 Cuba 8.4% compare
  3. 7 Solomon Islands 8.3% compare
  4. 8 Botswana 8.1% compare
  5. 9 Marshall Islands 7.7% compare
  6. 10 Vanuatu 7.6% compare
  7. 11 Mauritania 7.6% compare

See the full ranking of 242 places →

More education data for European Union

All data for European Union →

Frequently asked questions

What is government expenditure on education, total in European Union?
Government expenditure on education, total in European Union was 4.7% in 2022, according to Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
What is the highest government expenditure on education, total recorded in European Union?
The highest recorded value was 5.6% in 2009.
What is the lowest government expenditure on education, total recorded in European Union?
The lowest recorded value was 4.5% in 1998.
How does European Union rank for government expenditure on education, total?
European Union ranks 8th out of 46 groups with data for 2022.
Is government expenditure on education, total rising or falling in European Union?
Over the last ten years it is down 3.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is flat.
Where does this European Union data come from?
The figures come from Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as part of Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Government expenditure on education, total in European Union. Statizoid, drawing on Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved 11 September 2026, from https://education.statizoid.com/stat/government-expenditure-on-education-total-percent-of-gdp/european-union/

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About this data

Indicator
Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)
Unit
% of GDP
Source
Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
242 places, 6,340 data points, 1970–2025
Last refreshed

General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.