Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP in Pakistan

Pakistan: Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP was 1.1% in 2023. ▬ Flat

Latest (2023)
1.1%
Change on year
up 1,029.0%
World rank
46th
of 173 countries
All-time high
1.1%
in 2023
All-time low
0.1%
in 2018
Years of data
37
1971–2023

Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP in Pakistan, 1971–2023

00.20.40.60.811971199720231971: 0.302 %1972: 0.258 %1973: 0.333 %1974: 0.456 %1975: 0.354 %1976: 0.422 %1977: 0.396 %1978: 0.383 %1979: 0.424 %1980: 0.445 %1981: 0.347 %1982: 0.397 %1983: 0.403 %1984: 0.424 %1985: 0.469 %1986: 0.487 %1987: 0.598 %1989: 0.372 %1990: 0.414 %1991: 0.453 %1992: 0.375 %1993: 0.38 %1994: 0.376 %1995: 0.387 %1996: 0.378 %1997: 0.359 %2013: 0.721 %2014: 0.492 %2015: 0.544 %2016: 0.592 %2017: 0.57 %2018: 0.093 %2019: 0.117 %2020: 0.107 %2021: 0.099 %2022: 0.095 %2023: 1.1 %

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.

Analysis

The most recent figure for government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp in Pakistan is 1.1%, measured in 2023. That is the highest value across all 37 years on record.

Compared with earlier readings it is up 1,029.0% on the previous year and up 48.8% over ten years.

Over the whole period, government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp in Pakistan peaked at 1.1% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.1%, in 2018.

That places Pakistan 46th out of 173 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.

Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP in Pakistan, year by year

Annual values for Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP (%) in Pakistan, 1971 to 2023.
Year % Change
1971 0.3%
1972 0.3% -14.6%
1973 0.3% +28.9%
1974 0.5% +37.1%
1975 0.4% -22.5%
1976 0.4% +19.3%
1977 0.4% -6.2%
1978 0.4% -3.3%
1979 0.4% +10.7%
1980 0.4% +5.1%
1981 0.3% -22.1%
1982 0.4% +14.5%
1983 0.4% +1.6%
1984 0.4% +5.0%
1985 0.5% +10.8%
1986 0.5% +3.8%
1987 0.6% +22.9%
1989 0.4% -37.8%
1990 0.4% +11.4%
1991 0.5% +9.3%
1992 0.4% -17.2%
1993 0.4% +1.5%
1994 0.4% -1.1%
1995 0.4% +3.0%
1996 0.4% -2.6%
1997 0.4% -4.9%
2013 0.7% +100.8%
2014 0.5% -31.8%
2015 0.5% +10.5%
2016 0.6% +8.9%
2017 0.6% -3.8%
2018 0.1% -83.7%
2019 0.1% +25.3%
2020 0.1% -8.5%
2021 0.1% -6.9%
2022 0.1% -4.4%
2023 1.1% +1029.0%

Pakistan compared with similar countries

  • Pakistan's 1.1% is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 0.6%, 1.7× the median. (42 countries reporting)
  • Pakistan's 1.1% is above the median for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan, which is 1.0%, 1.1× the median. (15 countries reporting)

Biggest year-on-year movements

Years where Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP in Pakistan changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.

YearChange FromTo
2023 +1029.0% 0.1% 1.1%
2013 +100.8% 0.4% 0.7%
2018 -83.7% 0.6% 0.1%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1970s 0.4% 0.3% 0.5% 9
1980s 0.4% 0.3% 0.6% 9
1990s 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% 8
2010s 0.4% 0.1% 0.7% 7
2020s 0.3% 0.1% 1.1% 4

Countries ranked near Pakistan

  1. 43 Barbados 1.1% compare
  2. 44 Slovenia 1.1% compare
  3. 45 Spain 1.1% compare
  4. 47 Estonia 1.1% compare
  5. 48 Hong Kong, China 1.1% compare
  6. 49 Ecuador 1.1% compare

See the full ranking of 173 places →

More education data for Pakistan

All data for Pakistan →

Frequently asked questions

What is government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp in Pakistan?
Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp in Pakistan was 1.1% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp recorded in Pakistan?
The highest recorded value was 1.1% in 2023.
What is the lowest government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp recorded in Pakistan?
The lowest recorded value was 0.1% in 2018.
How does Pakistan rank for government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp?
Pakistan ranks 46th out of 173 countries with data for 2023.
Is government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of gdp rising or falling in Pakistan?
Over the last ten years it is up 48.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is flat.
Where does this Pakistan data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP in Pakistan. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 13 September 2026, from https://education.statizoid.com/stat/government-expenditure-on-tertiary-education-as-a-percentage-of-gdp-percent/pakistan/

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About this data

Indicator
Government expenditure on tertiary education as a percentage of GDP (%)
Unit
%
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Coverage
173 places, 3,953 data points, 1970–2025
Last refreshed

February 2026 Data Release