Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (UIS estimate) (%) in Spain
Spain: Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (UIS estimate) (%) was 2.1% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (UIS estimate) in Spain, 1998–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) in Spain is 2.1%, measured in 2023.
The figure is down 2.7% on the previous year and up 40.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) in Spain peaked at 2.2% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 1.3%, in 2008.
That places Spain 139th out of 175 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 26 years of available data.
Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (UIS estimate) (%) in Spain, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 1.5% | — |
| 1999 | 1.5% | +0.9% |
| 2000 | 1.5% | +2.1% |
| 2001 | 1.5% | +0.1% |
| 2002 | 1.5% | -1.3% |
| 2003 | 1.5% | +2.0% |
| 2004 | 1.3% | -10.5% |
| 2005 | 1.4% | +1.3% |
| 2006 | 1.4% | +0.9% |
| 2007 | 1.4% | +3.6% |
| 2008 | 1.3% | -8.3% |
| 2009 | 1.3% | +1.9% |
| 2010 | 1.3% | +1.2% |
| 2011 | 1.4% | +5.6% |
| 2012 | 1.6% | +9.8% |
| 2013 | 1.5% | -2.3% |
| 2014 | 1.7% | +8.9% |
| 2015 | 1.8% | +7.0% |
| 2016 | 1.9% | +8.7% |
| 2017 | 2.1% | +6.9% |
| 2018 | 2.1% | -0.4% |
| 2019 | 2.1% | +0.2% |
| 2020 | 2.2% | +6.8% |
| 2021 | 2.1% | -5.4% |
| 2022 | 2.2% | +5.5% |
| 2023 | 2.1% | -2.7% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 2.1% is below the median for high income countries, which is 5.3%, 41% of the median. (67 countries reporting)
- Spain's 2.1% is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 6.1%, 35% of the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 2 |
| 2000s | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.7% | 1.3% | 2.1% | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.2% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More education data for Spain
- Teachers in secondary education, both sexes (number), gaps filled 344,203 (2024)
- Repeaters in primary education, all grades, both sexes (number), gaps 37,817 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, male (number), gaps filled 570,954 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, female (number), gaps filled 538,977 (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 3.71 million (2024)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 2.83 million (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate -1.08 % change on previous year (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.058 units per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) in Spain?
- Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) in Spain was 2.1% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 2.2% in 2020.
- What is the lowest outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.3% in 2008.
- How does Spain rank for outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate)?
- Spain ranks 139th out of 175 countries with data for 2023.
- Is outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (uis estimate) rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 40.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (UIS estimate) (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 26 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release