Repetition rate in Grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy
Italy: Repetition rate in Grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both was 1.8% in 2022. ◆ Volatile
Repetition rate in Grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy, 1971–2022
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.
Analysis
In 2022, repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy stood at 1.8%.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 8.2% on the previous year and down 58.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy peaked at 12.9% in 1982 and was at its lowest, 0.4%, in 2020.
Italy ranks 96th of 190 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Repetition rate in Grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 10.1% | — |
| 1972 | 10.1% | +0.1% |
| 1973 | 9.5% | -5.4% |
| 1974 | 9.8% | +3.2% |
| 1975 | 8.1% | -17.5% |
| 1976 | 8.1% | +0.1% |
| 1977 | 9.4% | +15.6% |
| 1978 | 9.7% | +3.0% |
| 1979 | 10.4% | +7.2% |
| 1980 | 11.5% | +11.4% |
| 1981 | 12.2% | +5.9% |
| 1982 | 12.9% | +5.6% |
| 1983 | 12.3% | -4.9% |
| 1984 | 12.3% | +0.5% |
| 1985 | 11.0% | -11.0% |
| 1986 | 11.4% | +4.2% |
| 1987 | 11.2% | -1.9% |
| 1988 | 11.1% | -1.4% |
| 1989 | 10.5% | -4.7% |
| 1990 | 10.1% | -4.5% |
| 1991 | 9.4% | -6.5% |
| 1992 | 9.6% | +2.4% |
| 1993 | 8.2% | -14.8% |
| 1994 | 7.7% | -6.5% |
| 1995 | 6.7% | -13.3% |
| 1996 | 6.6% | -0.5% |
| 1999 | 6.6% | -0.7% |
| 2000 | 4.9% | -26.1% |
| 2001 | 4.1% | -16.1% |
| 2002 | 4.0% | -2.2% |
| 2003 | 4.0% | +0.2% |
| 2004 | 4.0% | +0.3% |
| 2005 | 2.4% | -40.4% |
| 2006 | 2.7% | +13.2% |
| 2007 | 3.1% | +13.2% |
| 2008 | 3.6% | +16.7% |
| 2009 | 4.8% | +35.0% |
| 2010 | 5.0% | +4.4% |
| 2011 | 4.7% | -5.8% |
| 2012 | 4.4% | -7.9% |
| 2013 | 4.2% | -2.7% |
| 2014 | 3.8% | -10.6% |
| 2015 | 3.4% | -9.7% |
| 2016 | 3.0% | -13.2% |
| 2017 | 2.8% | -6.7% |
| 2018 | 2.3% | -16.5% |
| 2019 | 2.3% | -0.6% |
| 2020 | 0.4% | -81.4% |
| 2021 | 1.7% | +292.8% |
| 2022 | 1.8% | +8.2% |
Italy compared with similar countries
- Italy's 1.8% is above the median for high income countries, which is 1.0%, 1.7× the median. (66 countries reporting)
- Italy's 1.8% is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.6%, 2.9× the median. (50 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Repetition rate in Grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | +292.8% | 0.4% | 1.7% |
| 2020 | -81.4% | 2.3% | 0.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 9.5% | 8.1% | 10.4% | 9 |
| 1980s | 11.6% | 10.5% | 12.9% | 10 |
| 1990s | 8.1% | 6.6% | 10.1% | 8 |
| 2000s | 3.7% | 2.4% | 4.9% | 10 |
| 2010s | 3.6% | 2.3% | 5.0% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.3% | 0.4% | 1.8% | 3 |
Countries ranked near Italy
More education data for Italy
- Teachers in secondary education, both sexes (number), gaps filled 423,797 (2024)
- Repeaters in primary education, all grades, both sexes (number), gaps 6,592 (2023)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, male (number), gaps filled 667,641 (2023)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, female (number), gaps filled 620,157 (2023)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 4.61 million (2023)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 2.63 million (2023)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate -0.167 % change on previous year (2023)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2023)
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.0445 units per person (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy?
- Repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both in Italy was 1.8% in 2022, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both recorded in Italy?
- The highest recorded value was 12.9% in 1982.
- What is the lowest repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both recorded in Italy?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.4% in 2020.
- How does Italy rank for repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both?
- Italy ranks 96th out of 190 countries with data for 2022.
- Is repetition rate in grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both rising or falling in Italy?
- Over the last ten years it is down 58.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Italy data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Repetition rate in Grade 1 of lower secondary general education, both sexes (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 50 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release