Repetition rate in Grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain
Spain: Repetition rate in Grade 2 of lower secondary general education was 5.4% in 2023. ▼ Falling
Repetition rate in Grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain, 1980–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain is 5.4%, measured in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 3.3% on the previous year and down 40.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain peaked at 11.8% in 2009 and was at its lowest, 3.8%, in 2020.
That places Spain 47th out of 178 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 24 years of available data.
Repetition rate in Grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 9.9% | — |
| 1981 | 10.2% | +2.6% |
| 1982 | 10.2% | +0.4% |
| 1983 | 9.8% | -4.5% |
| 1984 | 9.0% | -8.2% |
| 1985 | 8.6% | -4.2% |
| 1986 | 11.3% | +32.0% |
| 1987 | 5.3% | -53.1% |
| 1988 | 9.4% | +76.2% |
| 1989 | 7.8% | -17.1% |
| 1992 | 7.5% | -3.7% |
| 1993 | 6.2% | -16.9% |
| 2008 | 11.0% | +77.2% |
| 2009 | 11.8% | +7.4% |
| 2014 | 9.0% | -24.1% |
| 2015 | 8.9% | -0.4% |
| 2016 | 7.0% | -21.6% |
| 2017 | 7.6% | +8.8% |
| 2018 | 7.1% | -7.0% |
| 2019 | 7.3% | +3.1% |
| 2020 | 3.8% | -48.7% |
| 2021 | 7.0% | +86.4% |
| 2022 | 5.5% | -20.9% |
| 2023 | 5.4% | -3.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 9.1% | 5.3% | 11.3% | 10 |
| 1990s | 6.9% | 6.2% | 7.5% | 2 |
| 2000s | 11.4% | 11.0% | 11.8% | 2 |
| 2010s | 7.8% | 7.0% | 9.0% | 6 |
| 2020s | 5.4% | 3.8% | 7.0% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
- 44 Nepal 6.0% compare
- 45 Madagascar 5.8% compare
- 46 Costa Rica 5.7% compare
- 48 South Africa 5.3% compare
- 49 Togo 4.9% compare
- 50 Macau, China 4.8% compare
More education data for Spain
- Teachers in secondary education, both sexes (number), gaps filled 344,203 (2024)
- Repeaters in primary education, all grades, both sexes (number), gaps 37,817 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, male (number), gaps filled 570,954 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, female (number), gaps filled 538,977 (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 3.71 million (2024)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 2.83 million (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate -1.08 % change on previous year (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.058 units per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain?
- Repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education in Spain was 5.4% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 11.8% in 2009.
- What is the lowest repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 3.8% in 2020.
- How does Spain rank for repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education?
- Spain ranks 47th out of 178 countries with data for 2023.
- Is repetition rate in grade 2 of lower secondary general education rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 40.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Repetition rate in Grade 2 of lower secondary general education, female (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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CSV · JSON — 24 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release