Literacy rate in India

India: Literacy rate was 78.2% in 2024. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2024)
78.2%
Change on year
down 4.3%
World rank
92nd
of 128 countries
All-time high
81.7%
in 2023
All-time low
6.2%
in 1901
Years of data
19
1901–2024

Literacy rate in India, 1901–2024

0204060801901196220241901: 6.2 %1911: 7 %1921: 8.3 %1931: 9.1 %1950: 17.5 %1981: 40.8 %1991: 48.2 %2001: 61 %2006: 62.8 %2010: 68.3 %2011: 69.3 %2012: 69.8 %2018: 73.7 %2019: 74.9 %2020: 75.5 %2021: 76.1 %2022: 76.3 %2023: 81.7 %2024: 78.2 %

Source: UNESCO (1957) and other sources – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in %.

Analysis

In 2024, literacy rate in India stood at 78.2%.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 4.3% on the previous year and up 11.9% over ten years.

Over the whole period, literacy rate in India peaked at 81.7% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 6.2%, in 1901.

India ranks 92nd of 128 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1900s 6.2% 6.2% 6.2% 1
1910s 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 1
1920s 8.3% 8.3% 8.3% 1
1930s 9.1% 9.1% 9.1% 1
1950s 17.5% 17.5% 17.5% 1
1980s 40.8% 40.8% 40.8% 1
1990s 48.2% 48.2% 48.2% 1
2000s 61.9% 61.0% 62.8% 2
2010s 71.2% 68.3% 74.9% 5
2020s 77.6% 75.5% 81.7% 5

Countries ranked near India

  1. 89 Bangladesh 79.0% compare
  2. 90 Rwanda 78.8% compare
  3. 91 Tanzania 78.2% compare
  4. 93 Uganda 77.0% compare
  5. 94 Ghana 76.5% compare
  6. 95 Laos 75.6% compare

See the full ranking of 128 places →

More education data for India

All data for India →

Frequently asked questions

What is literacy rate in India?
Literacy rate in India was 78.2% in 2024, according to UNESCO (1957) and other sources – with major processing by Our World in Data.
What is the highest literacy rate recorded in India?
The highest recorded value was 81.7% in 2023.
What is the lowest literacy rate recorded in India?
The lowest recorded value was 6.2% in 1901.
How does India rank for literacy rate?
India ranks 92nd out of 128 countries with data for 2024.
Is literacy rate rising or falling in India?
Over the last ten years it is up 11.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this India data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO (1957) and other sources – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Literacy rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 19 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator
Literacy rate
Unit
%
Source
UNESCO (1957) and other sources – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
128 places, 1,272 data points, 1475–2024
Last refreshed

Share of adults who can read and write a simple statement about their everyday life.