First permits issued for education reasons by reason, length of validity and citizenship by country
Countries reporting
41
Highest
190,346 Person
United Kingdom
Lowest
26 Person
Liechtenstein
Median
8,095 Person
Years covered
18
2008–2025
Data points
722
What the numbers show
First permits issued for education reasons by reason, length of validity and citizenship is currently reported for 41 countries. The highest value is 190,346 Person in United Kingdom; the lowest is 26 Person in Liechtenstein.
The median across all reporting countries is 8,095 Person, and the mean is 25,782 Person.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 7,321.
Over the past decade 29 countries rose and 12 fell. The largest increase was in Lithuania (up 804.3%), and the largest decrease in Estonia (down 58.6%).
First permits issued for education reasons by reason, length of: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Kingdom | 190,346 Person | 2018 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 1 | United Kingdom | 190,346 Person | 2018 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 3 | France | 118,404 Person | 2025 | up 68.5% | rising |
| 4 | Germany | 112,500 Person | 2025 | up 574.3% | rising |
| 5 | Spain | 105,419 Person | 2025 | up 218.5% | volatile |
| 6 | Italy | 36,358 Person | 2025 | up 59.0% | falling |
| 7 | Ireland | 34,729 Person | 2025 | up 57.3% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 21,974 Person | 2025 | down 44.1% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 21,974 Person | 2025 | down 44.1% | rising |
| 10 | Hungary | 21,424 Person | 2025 | up 264.6% | volatile |
| 11 | Netherlands | 20,809 Person | 2025 | up 36.3% | rising |
| 11 | Netherlands | 20,809 Person | 2025 | up 36.3% | rising |
| 13 | Denmark | 18,291 Person | 2025 | up 97.9% | rising |
| 14 | Switzerland | 12,796 Person | 2025 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 15 | Sweden | 12,518 Person | 2025 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 16 | Portugal | 11,389 Person | 2025 | up 262.8% | volatile |
| 17 | Belgium | 11,066 Person | 2025 | up 74.4% | rising |
| 18 | Finland | 10,528 Person | 2025 | up 76.7% | rising |
| 19 | Czechia | 9,991 Person | 2025 | down 26.8% | rising |
| 20 | Cyprus | 9,401 Person | 2025 | up 322.3% | volatile |
| 21 | Malta | 8,095 Person | 2025 | up 245.1% | volatile |
| 22 | Austria | 7,190 Person | 2025 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 23 | Lithuania | 6,719 Person | 2025 | up 804.3% | volatile |
| 24 | Slovakia | 5,845 Person | 2025 | up 296.3% | volatile |
| 24 | Slovakia | 5,845 Person | 2025 | up 296.3% | volatile |
| 26 | Romania | 5,474 Person | 2025 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 27 | Lithuania | 4,621 Person | 2025 | up 521.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Norway | 3,634 Person | 2025 | down 11.9% | rising |
| 29 | Slovenia | 3,068 Person | 2025 | up 133.3% | volatile |
| 29 | Slovenia | 3,068 Person | 2025 | up 133.3% | volatile |
| 31 | Latvia | 2,981 Person | 2025 | up 166.9% | volatile |
| 31 | Latvia | 2,981 Person | 2025 | up 166.9% | volatile |
| 33 | Bulgaria | 2,470 Person | 2025 | up 182.6% | rising |
| 34 | Luxembourg | 842 Person | 2025 | up 90.5% | volatile |
| 35 | Greece | 808 Person | 2025 | down 7.2% | falling |
| 36 | Iceland | 743 Person | 2024 | up 99.2% | rising |
| 37 | Estonia | 408 Person | 2025 | down 58.6% | volatile |
| 37 | Estonia | 408 Person | 2025 | down 58.6% | volatile |
| 39 | Croatia | 380 Person | 2025 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 39 | Croatia | 380 Person | 2025 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 41 | Liechtenstein | 26 Person | 2025 | down 39.5% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020) 588,063 Person
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 549,458 Person