Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of GDP in Malaysia
Malaysia: Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of GDP was 0.1% in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of GDP in Malaysia, 1971–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.
Analysis
In 2023, government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp in Malaysia stood at 0.1%.
The figure is down 16.1% on the previous year and down 28.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp in Malaysia peaked at 0.2% in 2012 and was at its lowest, 0.0%, in 1971.
Malaysia ranks 107th of 169 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of GDP in Malaysia, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 0.0% | — |
| 1979 | 0.0% | — |
| 1980 | 0.0% | — |
| 1981 | 0.0% | — |
| 1982 | 0.0% | — |
| 1984 | 0.0% | — |
| 1985 | 0.0% | — |
| 1986 | 0.0% | — |
| 1987 | 0.0% | — |
| 1992 | 0.0% | — |
| 1993 | 0.0% | -44.0% |
| 1994 | 0.0% | +10.1% |
| 1995 | 0.0% | -3.3% |
| 1996 | 0.0% | +342.4% |
| 1997 | 0.1% | +19.2% |
| 2000 | 0.1% | +8.9% |
| 2001 | 0.1% | +35.4% |
| 2002 | 0.1% | -22.4% |
| 2003 | 0.1% | -6.2% |
| 2004 | 0.1% | +20.0% |
| 2006 | 0.1% | -0.3% |
| 2007 | 0.1% | -2.1% |
| 2008 | 0.1% | -2.1% |
| 2009 | 0.1% | +10.5% |
| 2010 | 0.1% | -17.7% |
| 2011 | 0.1% | +65.0% |
| 2012 | 0.2% | +107.0% |
| 2013 | 0.2% | -14.2% |
| 2014 | 0.2% | +2.0% |
| 2015 | 0.2% | -13.0% |
| 2016 | 0.2% | +6.2% |
| 2017 | 0.1% | -7.3% |
| 2018 | 0.1% | -4.0% |
| 2019 | 0.1% | -6.6% |
| 2020 | 0.1% | -0.3% |
| 2022 | 0.1% | +8.5% |
| 2023 | 0.1% | -16.1% |
Malaysia compared with similar countries
- Malaysia's 0.1% is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is 0.3%, 42% of the median. (45 countries reporting)
- Malaysia's 0.1% is below the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 0.2%, 66% of the median. (23 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of GDP in Malaysia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | +342.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 2012 | +107.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 2 |
| 1980s | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 7 |
| 1990s | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 6 |
| 2000s | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 9 |
| 2010s | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 3 |
Countries ranked near Malaysia
More education data for Malaysia
- Teachers in secondary education, both sexes (number), gaps filled 217,105 (2024)
- Repeaters in primary education, all grades, both sexes (number), gaps 0 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, male (number), gaps filled 475,967 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, female (number), gaps filled 460,041 (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 2.64 million (2024)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 3.06 million (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate -1.2 % change on previous year (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.0859 units per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp in Malaysia?
- Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp in Malaysia was 0.1% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp recorded in Malaysia?
- The highest recorded value was 0.2% in 2012.
- What is the lowest government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp recorded in Malaysia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0% in 1971.
- How does Malaysia rank for government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp?
- Malaysia ranks 107th out of 169 countries with data for 2023.
- Is government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of gdp rising or falling in Malaysia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 28.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Malaysia data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Government expenditure on pre-primary education as a percentage of GDP (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
February 2026 Data Release