Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income
Middle income: Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes was 88.7% in 2019. ▲ Rising
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income, 1970–2019
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income is 88.7%, measured in 2019.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.5% on the previous year and up 4.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income peaked at 89.7% in 2016 and was at its lowest, 60.9%, in 1970.
That places Middle income 27th out of 45 groups with data for 2019, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 50 years of available data.
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 60.9% | — |
| 1971 | 62.3% | +2.3% |
| 1972 | 64.3% | +3.1% |
| 1973 | 67.1% | +4.3% |
| 1974 | 67.9% | +1.2% |
| 1975 | 69.0% | +1.7% |
| 1976 | 70.3% | +1.8% |
| 1977 | 70.3% | +0.0% |
| 1978 | 68.9% | -2.0% |
| 1979 | 69.9% | +1.5% |
| 1980 | 69.5% | -0.5% |
| 1981 | 69.4% | -0.3% |
| 1982 | 68.9% | -0.7% |
| 1983 | 68.8% | -0.1% |
| 1984 | 69.1% | +0.5% |
| 1985 | 68.5% | -1.0% |
| 1986 | 71.0% | +3.7% |
| 1987 | 71.1% | +0.2% |
| 1988 | 71.8% | +1.0% |
| 1989 | 72.2% | +0.6% |
| 1990 | 72.6% | +0.5% |
| 1991 | 73.1% | +0.8% |
| 1992 | 74.0% | +1.2% |
| 1993 | 74.9% | +1.3% |
| 1994 | 75.5% | +0.7% |
| 1995 | 76.1% | +0.9% |
| 1996 | 76.5% | +0.4% |
| 1997 | 76.6% | +0.2% |
| 1998 | 77.0% | +0.5% |
| 1999 | 77.2% | +0.2% |
| 2000 | 77.7% | +0.7% |
| 2001 | 77.9% | +0.2% |
| 2002 | 78.1% | +0.2% |
| 2003 | 79.1% | +1.4% |
| 2004 | 80.2% | +1.3% |
| 2005 | 80.8% | +0.7% |
| 2006 | 81.6% | +1.0% |
| 2007 | 83.2% | +2.0% |
| 2008 | 84.3% | +1.3% |
| 2009 | 84.8% | +0.6% |
| 2010 | 85.9% | +1.3% |
| 2011 | 87.0% | +1.2% |
| 2012 | 87.8% | +1.0% |
| 2013 | 88.7% | +0.9% |
| 2014 | 88.5% | -0.2% |
| 2015 | 88.5% | +0.1% |
| 2016 | 89.7% | +1.3% |
| 2017 | 89.4% | -0.4% |
| 2018 | 88.3% | -1.2% |
| 2019 | 88.7% | +0.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 67.1% | 60.9% | 70.3% | 10 |
| 1980s | 70.0% | 68.5% | 72.2% | 10 |
| 1990s | 75.4% | 72.6% | 77.2% | 10 |
| 2000s | 80.8% | 77.7% | 84.8% | 10 |
| 2010s | 88.2% | 85.9% | 89.7% | 10 |
Countries ranked near Middle income
More education data for Middle income
- Population ages 0-14 24.4% (2025)
- Primary education, teachers, gaps filled 25.11 million (2024)
- Secondary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.0986 units per person (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Population ages 15-64 66.5% (2025)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate 1.71 % change on previous year (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 589.09 million (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 510.99 million (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income?
- Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Middle income was 88.7% in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes recorded in Middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 89.7% in 2016.
- What is the lowest gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes recorded in Middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 60.9% in 1970.
- How does Middle income rank for gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes?
- Middle income ranks 27th out of 45 groups with data for 2019.
- Is gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes rising or falling in Middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 4.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Middle income data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Total enrollment in primary and secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of official primary and secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.