Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) by country

February 2026 Data Release

Countries reporting
90
Highest
49.58 GPIA
North Macedonia
Lowest
0.0075 GPIA
Botswana
Median
0.8027 GPIA
Years covered
12
2012–2023
Data points
842

What the numbers show

Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) is currently reported for 90 countries. The highest value is 49.58 GPIA in North Macedonia; the lowest is 0.0075 GPIA in Botswana.

The median across all reporting countries is 0.8027 GPIA, and the mean is 1.6 GPIA.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 6,655.

Over the past decade 46 countries rose and 42 fell. The largest increase was in North Macedonia (up 4,566.4%), and the largest decrease in Armenia (down 99.0%).

Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound): full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 North Macedonia 49.58 GPIA 2022 up 4,566.4% volatile
2 Norway 5.2 GPIA 2019 up 1,779.5% volatile
3 Ghana 4.02 GPIA 2017 rising
4 Liechtenstein 3.86 GPIA 2021 down 92.7% volatile
5 Chile 3.82 GPIA 2023 up 385.5% volatile
6 Bulgaria 3.37 GPIA 2021 up 41.2% rising
7 Jordan 2.37 GPIA 2023 up 244.6% volatile
8 Bahrain 2.33 GPIA 2023 down 23.9% falling
9 Serbia 2.17 GPIA 2023 up 77.9% rising
10 Slovakia 1.99 GPIA 2023 up 155.8% rising
11 Croatia 1.83 GPIA 2023 up 50.4% rising
12 Senegal 1.69 GPIA 2023 up 42.7% rising
13 Hong Kong, China 1.53 GPIA 2023 down 89.4% volatile
14 Republic of Korea 1.5 GPIA 2023 up 10.1% volatile
15 Monaco 1.37 GPIA 2023 up 77.7% rising
16 Madagascar 1.3 GPIA 2023 down 47.0% falling
17 Cyprus 1.28 GPIA 2023 up 26.1% rising
18 Italy 1.27 GPIA 2023 down 16.3% falling
19 China 1.18 GPIA 2023 up 11.9% rising
20 Albania 1.17 GPIA 2023 down 7.1% falling
21 Belgium 1.17 GPIA 2023 down 0.5% rising
22 Egypt 1.16 GPIA 2023 up 425.0% volatile
23 Viet Nam 1.16 GPIA 2022 up 8.7% rising
24 Luxembourg 1.14 GPIA 2023 up 29.1% rising
25 Qatar 1.14 GPIA 2023 down 35.5% falling
26 Brazil 1.13 GPIA 2023 up 32.2% rising
27 Greece 1.12 GPIA 2023 up 25.6% rising
28 Andorra 1.11 GPIA 2023 up 126.0% rising
29 Macau, China 1.08 GPIA 2023 down 6.2% falling
30 Netherlands 1.06 GPIA 2021 down 11.0% falling
31 Cameroon 1.04 GPIA 2023 up 39.9% rising
32 Brunei Darussalam 1.02 GPIA 2023 up 26.9% rising
33 Iran, Islamic Republic of 0.9943 GPIA 2020 up 78.9% rising
34 Spain 0.9794 GPIA 2023 down 6.5% falling
35 Austria 0.9645 GPIA 2023 down 9.0% falling
36 Honduras 0.9562 GPIA 2019 up 90.2% rising
37 Colombia 0.9345 GPIA 2022 up 4.4% flat
38 Argentina 0.9165 GPIA 2023 down 4.3% flat
39 Switzerland 0.9036 GPIA 2023 down 6.9% falling
40 Slovenia 0.8957 GPIA 2023 up 41.3% volatile
41 Portugal 0.8824 GPIA 2023 up 11.9% rising
42 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.8655 GPIA 2023 up 23.9% falling
43 Denmark 0.8639 GPIA 2023 down 5.8% flat
44 Cape Verde 0.8149 GPIA 2018 up 157.8% rising
45 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 0.8033 GPIA 2023 down 0.6% flat
46 Hungary 0.8022 GPIA 2023 up 31.4% rising
47 France 0.7826 GPIA 2023 down 11.5% falling
48 Czechia 0.7651 GPIA 2023 up 10.1% rising
49 Niger 0.7604 GPIA 2018 up 7.3% falling
50 Republic of Moldova 0.7577 GPIA 2023 down 6.8% flat
51 Japan 0.7509 GPIA 2023 down 25.2% falling
52 Côte d'Ivoire 0.746 GPIA 2023 down 35.0% falling
53 Seychelles 0.74 GPIA 2023 up 36.8% rising
54 Malta 0.7379 GPIA 2023 up 115.9% volatile
55 New Zealand 0.7351 GPIA 2023 up 25.6% rising
56 Morocco 0.735 GPIA 2023 up 20.2% flat
57 Germany 0.7307 GPIA 2023 down 20.6% falling
58 Dominican Republic 0.724 GPIA 2023 up 7.0% rising
59 Lesotho 0.7178 GPIA 2018 down 3.5% falling
60 Mongolia 0.7165 GPIA 2023 down 9.1% rising
61 Ecuador 0.7114 GPIA 2023 up 12.8% falling
62 Australia 0.6871 GPIA 2023 up 9.5% rising
63 Ireland 0.6809 GPIA 2022 up 178.7% rising
64 El Salvador 0.6734 GPIA 2023 down 17.2% flat
65 Georgia 0.6619 GPIA 2023 down 73.1% volatile
66 Burkina Faso 0.658 GPIA 2023 down 35.2% falling
67 Kyrgyzstan 0.6509 GPIA 2023 down 42.4% falling
68 Benin 0.6509 GPIA 2022 down 56.5% falling
69 Canada 0.6447 GPIA 2023 up 11.3% rising
70 Sweden 0.6338 GPIA 2023 up 153.7% rising
71 Armenia 0.6163 GPIA 2023 down 99.0% volatile
72 South Africa 0.6055 GPIA 2023 up 11.0% flat
73 United States of America 0.5647 GPIA 2023 down 9.7% falling
74 Türkiye 0.552 GPIA 2022 down 0.3% flat
75 Finland 0.511 GPIA 2023 up 47.6% rising
76 India 0.5086 GPIA 2023 volatile
77 Saudi Arabia 0.4948 GPIA 2022 down 94.2% volatile
78 Tunisia 0.4833 GPIA 2023 up 2,699.9% volatile
79 Mozambique 0.4648 GPIA 2018 down 37.6% falling
80 Poland 0.4635 GPIA 2023 up 155.1% rising
81 Mauritania 0.404 GPIA 2020 down 27.8% falling
82 Mauritius 0.3645 GPIA 2022 up 7.4% falling
83 Burundi 0.3488 GPIA 2023 down 95.9% volatile
84 Estonia 0.3208 GPIA 2023 down 79.9% volatile
85 Rwanda 0.2798 GPIA 2023 down 46.6% volatile
86 Lithuania 0.249 GPIA 2023 down 74.9% volatile
87 Latvia 0.2411 GPIA 2023 down 86.6% volatile
88 Iceland 0.1781 GPIA 2019 down 81.0% volatile
89 Cuba 0.1474 GPIA 2023 down 74.2% falling
90 Botswana 0.0075 GPIA 2022 down 98.1% volatile

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Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound) by country. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 26 August 2026, from https://education.statizoid.com/stat/net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound-outbound-adjusted-gender-parity/

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About this data

Indicator
Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Coverage
90 places, 842 data points, 2012–2023
Last refreshed

February 2026 Data Release