Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in Spain
Spain: Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index was 0.9517 GPIA in 2023. ▲ Rising
Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in Spain, 2012–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPIA.
Analysis
Spain recorded 0.9517 GPIA for outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in 2023.
The figure is down 2.0% on the previous year and up 5.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in Spain peaked at 0.9708 GPIA in 2022 and was at its lowest, 0.8937 GPIA, in 2014.
That places Spain 38th out of 135 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 12 years of available data.
Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in Spain, year by year
| Year | GPIA | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 0.8997 GPIA | — |
| 2013 | 0.8989 GPIA | -0.1% |
| 2014 | 0.8937 GPIA | -0.6% |
| 2015 | 0.9024 GPIA | +1.0% |
| 2016 | 0.9116 GPIA | +1.0% |
| 2017 | 0.9283 GPIA | +1.8% |
| 2018 | 0.9352 GPIA | +0.7% |
| 2019 | 0.9503 GPIA | +1.6% |
| 2020 | 0.9479 GPIA | -0.2% |
| 2021 | 0.9581 GPIA | +1.1% |
| 2022 | 0.9708 GPIA | +1.3% |
| 2023 | 0.9517 GPIA | -2.0% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 0.9517 GPIA is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.9108 GPIA, 1.0× the median. (61 countries reporting)
- Spain's 0.9517 GPIA is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.9868 GPIA, 96% of the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010s | 0.915 GPIA | 0.8937 GPIA | 0.9503 GPIA | 8 |
| 2020s | 0.9571 GPIA | 0.9479 GPIA | 0.9708 GPIA | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More education data for Spain
- Teachers in secondary education, both sexes (number), gaps filled 344,203 (2024)
- Repeaters in primary education, all grades, both sexes (number), gaps 37,817 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, male (number), gaps filled 570,954 (2024)
- Enrolment in pre-primary education, female (number), gaps filled 538,977 (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 3.71 million (2024)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 2.83 million (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate -1.08 % change on previous year (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.058 units per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in Spain?
- Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index in Spain was 0.9517 GPIA in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 0.9708 GPIA in 2022.
- What is the lowest outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.8937 GPIA in 2014.
- How does Spain rank for outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index?
- Spain ranks 38th out of 135 countries with data for 2023.
- Is outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 5.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 12 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release