Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income

Lower middle income: Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index was 1.02 GPI in 2019. ▲ Rising

Latest (2019)
1.02 GPI
Change on year
down 0.2%
Rank
7th
of 43 groups
All-time high
1.02 GPI
in 2016
All-time low
0.8237 GPI
in 1993
Years of data
27
1993–2019

Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income, 1993–2019

00.250.50.7511993200620191993: 0.824 GPI1994: 0.825 GPI1995: 0.826 GPI1996: 0.844 GPI1997: 0.861 GPI1998: 0.848 GPI1999: 0.848 GPI2000: 0.851 GPI2001: 0.863 GPI2002: 0.874 GPI2003: 0.902 GPI2004: 0.903 GPI2005: 0.913 GPI2006: 0.92 GPI2007: 0.93 GPI2008: 0.95 GPI2009: 0.971 GPI2010: 0.966 GPI2011: 0.98 GPI2012: 0.992 GPI2013: 1 GPI2014: 1 GPI2015: 1 GPI2016: 1 GPI2017: 1 GPI2018: 1 GPI2019: 1 GPI

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPI.

Analysis

Lower middle income recorded 1.02 GPI for gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in 2019.

The figure is down 0.2% on the previous year and up 4.8% over ten years.

Over the whole period, gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income peaked at 1.02 GPI in 2016 and was at its lowest, 0.8237 GPI, in 1993.

That places Lower middle income 7th out of 43 groups with data for 2019, putting it in the top quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 27 years of available data.

Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income, year by year

Annual values for Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI) in Lower middle income, 1993 to 2019.
Year GPI Change
1993 0.8237 GPI
1994 0.8253 GPI +0.2%
1995 0.8261 GPI +0.1%
1996 0.8442 GPI +2.2%
1997 0.8609 GPI +2.0%
1998 0.8482 GPI -1.5%
1999 0.8477 GPI -0.1%
2000 0.8505 GPI +0.3%
2001 0.8633 GPI +1.5%
2002 0.8738 GPI +1.2%
2003 0.9024 GPI +3.3%
2004 0.9025 GPI +0.0%
2005 0.9133 GPI +1.2%
2006 0.9205 GPI +0.8%
2007 0.9303 GPI +1.1%
2008 0.9499 GPI +2.1%
2009 0.9707 GPI +2.2%
2010 0.9656 GPI -0.5%
2011 0.9795 GPI +1.4%
2012 0.9917 GPI +1.2%
2013 1.02 GPI +2.6%
2014 1.02 GPI -0.1%
2015 1.02 GPI +0.5%
2016 1.02 GPI +0.1%
2017 1.02 GPI -0.1%
2018 1.02 GPI -0.2%
2019 1.02 GPI -0.2%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 0.8394 GPI 0.8237 GPI 0.8609 GPI 7
2000s 0.9077 GPI 0.8505 GPI 0.9707 GPI 10
2010s 1.01 GPI 0.9656 GPI 1.02 GPI 10

Countries ranked near Lower middle income

  1. 4 Rwanda 1.18 GPI compare
  2. 5 Senegal 1.18 GPI compare
  3. 6 Gambia 1.14 GPI compare
  4. 7 Suriname 1.14 GPI compare
  5. 8 Nauru 1.14 GPI compare
  6. 9 Bhutan 1.13 GPI compare
  7. 10 Micronesia (country) 1.12 GPI compare

See the full ranking of 233 places →

More education data for Lower middle income

All data for Lower middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income?
Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income was 1.02 GPI in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index recorded in Lower middle income?
The highest recorded value was 1.02 GPI in 2016.
What is the lowest gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index recorded in Lower middle income?
The lowest recorded value was 0.8237 GPI in 1993.
How does Lower middle income rank for gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index?
Lower middle income ranks 7th out of 43 groups with data for 2019.
Is gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index rising or falling in Lower middle income?
Over the last ten years it is up 4.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Lower middle income data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 02 September 2026, from https://education.statizoid.com/stat/gross-enrolment-ratio-lower-secondary-gender-parity-index-gpi/lower-middle-income/

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About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI)
Unit
GPI
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
233 places, 4,598 data points, 1981–2020
Last refreshed

Ratio of female gross enrolment ratio for lower secondary to the male gross enrolment ratio for lower secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females.