Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income
Lower middle income: Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index was 0.9747 GPI in 2019. ▲ Rising
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income, 1993–2019
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPI.
Analysis
In 2019, gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income stood at 0.9747 GPI. That is the highest value across all 27 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 1.3% on the previous year and up 10.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income peaked at 0.9747 GPI in 2019 and was at its lowest, 0.5055 GPI, in 1993.
Lower middle income ranks 31st of 43 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 27 years of available data.
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income, year by year
| Year | GPI | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 0.5055 GPI | — |
| 1994 | 0.5498 GPI | +8.8% |
| 1995 | 0.5742 GPI | +4.4% |
| 1996 | 0.5465 GPI | -4.8% |
| 1997 | 0.5871 GPI | +7.4% |
| 1998 | 0.6939 GPI | +18.2% |
| 1999 | 0.751 GPI | +8.2% |
| 2000 | 0.7641 GPI | +1.7% |
| 2001 | 0.7613 GPI | -0.4% |
| 2002 | 0.7783 GPI | +2.2% |
| 2003 | 0.8276 GPI | +6.3% |
| 2004 | 0.8167 GPI | -1.3% |
| 2005 | 0.8299 GPI | +1.6% |
| 2006 | 0.8385 GPI | +1.0% |
| 2007 | 0.8461 GPI | +0.9% |
| 2008 | 0.8619 GPI | +1.9% |
| 2009 | 0.8843 GPI | +2.6% |
| 2010 | 0.9017 GPI | +2.0% |
| 2011 | 0.9013 GPI | -0.0% |
| 2012 | 0.9004 GPI | -0.1% |
| 2013 | 0.9292 GPI | +3.2% |
| 2014 | 0.9472 GPI | +1.9% |
| 2015 | 0.9453 GPI | -0.2% |
| 2016 | 0.9495 GPI | +0.4% |
| 2017 | 0.9505 GPI | +0.1% |
| 2018 | 0.962 GPI | +1.2% |
| 2019 | 0.9747 GPI | +1.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 0.6012 GPI | 0.5055 GPI | 0.751 GPI | 7 |
| 2000s | 0.8209 GPI | 0.7613 GPI | 0.8843 GPI | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.9362 GPI | 0.9004 GPI | 0.9747 GPI | 10 |
Countries ranked near Lower middle income
More education data for Lower middle income
- Population ages 0-14 29.5% (2025)
- Population ages 15-64 64.5% (2025)
- Primary education, teachers, gaps filled 11.30 million (2024)
- School enrollment, primary 105.4% (2024)
- Primary education, teachers 11.30 million (2024)
- Primary education, teachers, per capita 0.0039 units per person (2024)
- Primary education, teachers, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- School enrollment, primary, female 104.9% (2024)
- School enrollment, primary, male 105.8% (2024)
- Labor force, total 1.20 billion (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income?
- Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index in Lower middle income was 0.9747 GPI in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index recorded in Lower middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 0.9747 GPI in 2019.
- What is the lowest gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index recorded in Lower middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.5055 GPI in 1993.
- How does Lower middle income rank for gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index?
- Lower middle income ranks 31st out of 43 groups with data for 2019.
- Is gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index rising or falling in Lower middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 10.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Lower middle income data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index (GPI). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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CSV · JSON — 27 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Ratio of female gross enrolment ratio for upper secondary to the male gross enrolment ratio for upper secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females.