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Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index (GPI) by country

Ratio of female gross enrolment ratio for upper secondary to the male gross enrolment ratio for upper secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates...

Countries reporting
182
Highest
1.81 GPI
Suriname
Lowest
0.4195 GPI
Equatorial Guinea
Median
1.02 GPI
Years covered
40
1981–2020
Data points
4,271

What the numbers show

Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index (GPI) is currently reported for 182 countries. The highest value is 1.81 GPI in Suriname; the lowest is 0.4195 GPI in Equatorial Guinea.

The median across all reporting countries is 1.02 GPI, and the mean is 1.01 GPI.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 4.

Over the past decade 107 countries rose and 72 fell. The largest increase was in Guinea (up 82.3%), and the largest decrease in Naoero (down 22.3%).

Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Suriname 1.81 GPI 2015 up 3.7% rising
2 Tuvalu 1.59 GPI 2019 down 6.2% rising
3 Lesotho 1.43 GPI 2017 up 21.8% rising
4 Algeria 1.38 GPI 2011 down 4.8% rising
5 Tunisia 1.3 GPI 2016 up 6.4% rising
6 British Virgin Islands 1.3 GPI 2018 up 8.4% rising
7 Nicaragua 1.27 GPI 2010 down 6.1% flat
8 Cape Verde 1.27 GPI 2018 up 9.4% rising
9 Palestine, State of 1.26 GPI 2019 up 6.8% rising
10 Honduras 1.26 GPI 2019 down 11.6% falling
11 Maldives 1.26 GPI 2019 up 77.0% rising
12 Brazil 1.25 GPI 2011 up 6.3% rising
13 Sao Tome and Principe 1.24 GPI 2017 up 60.0% rising
14 Ireland 1.22 GPI 2018 up 9.8% falling
15 Bermuda 1.22 GPI 2015 up 2.9% rising
16 Uruguay 1.22 GPI 2018 down 1.9% falling
17 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.21 GPI 2018 down 10.2% falling
18 Kiribati 1.21 GPI 2008 up 2.3% rising
19 Philippines 1.2 GPI 2018 down 0.1% flat
20 Dominica 1.2 GPI 2019 down 11.4% falling
21 Myanmar 1.19 GPI 2018 up 14.3% rising
22 Tonga 1.19 GPI 2015 up 8.2% falling
23 Dominican Republic 1.19 GPI 2019 down 0.6% falling
24 Costa Rica 1.17 GPI 2019 up 2.0% rising
25 Belize 1.17 GPI 2019 down 0.6% flat
26 Belgium 1.17 GPI 2018 down 1.9% rising
27 Finland 1.17 GPI 2018 up 6.7% falling
28 Kuwait 1.17 GPI 2012 up 2.2% falling
29 Samoa 1.16 GPI 2016 down 5.0% flat
30 Botswana 1.15 GPI 2008 up 19.4% rising
31 Seychelles 1.15 GPI 2019 down 6.2% rising
32 Palau 1.15 GPI 2014 up 3.9% rising
33 Puerto Rico 1.15 GPI 2018 up 10.8% rising
34 Colombia 1.15 GPI 2018 down 2.8% flat
35 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 1.14 GPI 2017 down 4.8% falling
36 Malaysia 1.14 GPI 2019 down 2.6% falling
37 Fiji 1.14 GPI 2012 up 1.9% flat
38 New Zealand 1.14 GPI 2018 up 2.4% flat
39 Panama 1.13 GPI 2017 down 2.3% flat
40 Timor-Leste 1.13 GPI 2019 up 22.7% rising
41 Antigua and Barbuda 1.13 GPI 2018 down 18.5% flat
42 Namibia 1.13 GPI 2007 up 10.4% rising
43 Nepal 1.13 GPI 2019 up 43.2% rising
44 Argentina 1.12 GPI 2017 down 7.5% rising
45 Armenia 1.12 GPI 2019 up 16.0% flat
46 Bahrain 1.12 GPI 2019 up 0.1% falling
47 Comoros 1.11 GPI 2018 up 42.3% rising
48 Marshall Islands 1.11 GPI 2019 up 3.8% rising
49 Sweden 1.11 GPI 2018 up 12.0% falling
50 Jordan 1.11 GPI 2019 up 1.6% rising
51 Sri Lanka 1.11 GPI 2018 up 3.3% falling
52 Syrian Arab Republic 1.1 GPI 2013 up 13.6% rising
53 Paraguay 1.1 GPI 2016 up 2.7% flat
54 Bahamas 1.1 GPI 2018 up 5.1% flat
55 South Africa 1.09 GPI 2018 up 0.6% falling
56 Barbados 1.08 GPI 2019 down 0.9% flat
57 Cuba 1.08 GPI 2019 up 4.5% flat
58 Grenada 1.08 GPI 2018 down 12.6% falling
59 Mauritius 1.08 GPI 2019 up 1.1% rising
60 Turks and Caicos Islands 1.08 GPI 2018 up 9.4% flat
61 Guyana 1.07 GPI 2012 up 6.8% rising
62 Luxembourg 1.07 GPI 2018 up 2.1% flat
63 Guatemala 1.07 GPI 2019 up 4.4% rising
64 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1.06 GPI 2018 up 0.8% rising
65 Netherlands 1.06 GPI 2018 up 5.3% rising
66 Sudan 1.06 GPI 2017 up 8.9% flat
67 Mexico 1.06 GPI 2018 down 1.1% rising
68 Mongolia 1.06 GPI 2015 down 13.4% falling
69 Bangladesh 1.06 GPI 2019 up 10.4% rising
70 Bhutan 1.06 GPI 2018 up 23.6% rising
71 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1.05 GPI 2016 down 22.0% falling
72 Brunei Darussalam 1.05 GPI 2019 down 2.5% falling
73 Croatia 1.05 GPI 2018 up 1.1% flat
74 Spain 1.05 GPI 2018 down 9.6% falling
75 Estonia 1.05 GPI 2018 down 5.6% falling
76 Vanuatu 1.05 GPI 2015 up 74.3% rising
77 Mauritania 1.05 GPI 2019 up 29.0% rising
78 Rwanda 1.05 GPI 2019 up 23.7% rising
79 Slovakia 1.04 GPI 2018 up 0.6% flat
80 Ecuador 1.04 GPI 2018 down 3.2% flat
81 Indonesia 1.04 GPI 2018 up 8.5% rising
82 Slovenia 1.04 GPI 2018 up 4.2% flat
83 Senegal 1.04 GPI 2019 up 54.1% rising
84 China 1.04 GPI 2019 down 1.4% rising
85 Malta 1.03 GPI 2018 up 15.5% rising
86 Jamaica 1.03 GPI 2019 down 4.6% flat
87 Romania 1.03 GPI 2018 up 2.7% flat
88 Serbia 1.03 GPI 2019 down 2.8% flat
89 Uzbekistan 1.03 GPI 2019 up 1.4% rising
90 Kyrgyzstan 1.03 GPI 2019 down 15.7% flat
91 El Salvador 1.02 GPI 2018 down 3.3% flat
92 Burundi 1.02 GPI 2019 up 64.0% rising
93 Thailand 1.02 GPI 2019 down 13.3% flat
94 Montenegro 1.02 GPI 2019 down 1.8% flat
95 France 1.02 GPI 2018 up 0.6% flat
96 Israel 1.02 GPI 2018 up 0.9% flat
97 Denmark 1.02 GPI 2018 down 0.9% flat
98 Macau, China 1.02 GPI 2019 down 0.9% falling
99 Georgia 1.01 GPI 2019 down 2.6% flat
100 Chile 1.01 GPI 2018 down 3.5% flat
101 Aruba 1.01 GPI 2012 down 8.4% flat
102 Portugal 1.01 GPI 2018 down 13.7% falling
103 Azerbaijan 1.01 GPI 2019 — flat
104 Canada 1.01 GPI 2018 up 3.6% flat
105 Kazakhstan 1.01 GPI 2019 down 2.4% falling
106 Czechia 1.01 GPI 2018 down 2.1% falling
107 Qatar 1.01 GPI 2010 down 13.8% falling
108 Djibouti 1 GPI 2020 up 35.6% rising
109 Morocco 1 GPI 2019 up 5.9% rising
110 Hungary 1 GPI 2018 up 1.1% falling
111 Bolivia, Plurinational State of 1 GPI 2018 up 0.8% rising
112 Italy 0.9987 GPI 2018 down 0.3% flat
113 Republic of Moldova 0.9972 GPI 2019 down 9.7% falling
114 Madagascar 0.994 GPI 2019 up 14.1% rising
115 India 0.9936 GPI 2019 up 14.3% rising
116 Latvia 0.9936 GPI 2018 down 7.7% falling
117 United States of America 0.9922 GPI 2018 down 1.0% flat
118 Republic of Korea 0.9894 GPI 2018 down 2.8% flat
119 Saint Lucia 0.9865 GPI 2019 down 18.1% falling
120 Albania 0.9845 GPI 2019 down 4.5% flat
121 Ethiopia 0.9843 GPI 2015 up 46.7% rising
122 Egypt 0.9843 GPI 2019 up 4.0% rising
123 Iceland 0.9828 GPI 2018 down 6.1% flat
124 Cayman Islands 0.981 GPI 2018 down 14.2% rising
125 Eswatini 0.9779 GPI 2016 up 11.8% flat
126 Australia 0.9648 GPI 2018 — falling
127 Ghana 0.9637 GPI 2019 up 18.5% rising
128 Bulgaria 0.9635 GPI 2018 down 2.2% falling
129 Iran, Islamic Republic of 0.9621 GPI 2017 down 13.7% falling
130 Hong Kong, China 0.9614 GPI 2019 down 6.1% falling
131 Cyprus 0.9597 GPI 2018 down 6.1% falling
132 North Macedonia 0.9571 GPI 2018 up 4.2% flat
133 Poland 0.9554 GPI 2018 down 5.0% flat
134 Peru 0.9538 GPI 2019 down 11.8% flat
135 Lithuania 0.9475 GPI 2018 down 10.5% falling
136 Eritrea 0.9467 GPI 2018 up 35.3% rising
137 Türkiye 0.944 GPI 2018 up 11.8% rising
138 Gibraltar 0.944 GPI 2019 down 1.1% flat
139 Belarus 0.9436 GPI 2018 up 1.5% flat
140 Greece 0.941 GPI 2018 down 1.5% falling
141 Norway 0.9369 GPI 2018 down 3.2% flat
142 Austria 0.932 GPI 2018 up 0.9% flat
143 Ukraine 0.9219 GPI 2014 down 4.4% falling
144 Russian Federation 0.92 GPI 2018 up 1.1% falling
145 Switzerland 0.919 GPI 2018 up 3.8% rising
146 San Marino 0.91 GPI 2019 down 18.8% falling
147 Sierra Leone 0.9037 GPI 2017 up 47.8% rising
148 Zimbabwe 0.9005 GPI 2013 up 8.4% rising
149 Malawi 0.8996 GPI 2019 up 32.8% rising
150 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.8935 GPI 2019 up 13.3% rising
151 Germany 0.8858 GPI 2018 down 5.2% flat
152 Nigeria 0.8803 GPI 2016 up 10.7% rising
153 Kenya 0.8668 GPI 2009 down 2.8% flat
154 Solomon Islands 0.8638 GPI 2012 up 25.7% rising
155 Naoero 0.8611 GPI 2019 down 22.3% falling
156 Pakistan 0.8508 GPI 2019 up 5.7% rising
157 Oman 0.8458 GPI 2019 down 15.2% rising
158 Saudi Arabia 0.8413 GPI 2019 down 6.1% flat
159 United Arab Emirates 0.8365 GPI 2017 — falling
160 Cameroon 0.8165 GPI 2016 up 4.8% rising
161 Mozambique 0.813 GPI 2017 up 24.2% rising
162 Angola 0.8071 GPI 2016 up 22.9% rising
163 Burkina Faso 0.7941 GPI 2019 up 29.0% rising
164 Iraq 0.7876 GPI 2007 up 20.1% rising
165 Liechtenstein 0.7632 GPI 2018 up 1.7% flat
166 Tanzania, United Republic of 0.7583 GPI 2019 up 0.3% flat
167 Tajikistan 0.7536 GPI 2013 up 27.8% rising
168 Cambodia 0.7356 GPI 2008 up 38.6% rising
169 Liberia 0.7353 GPI 2015 down 14.4% flat
170 Côte d'Ivoire 0.7127 GPI 2019 up 9.1% rising
171 Yemen 0.6982 GPI 2016 up 53.9% rising
172 Mali 0.6981 GPI 2018 up 18.0% rising
173 Niger 0.6692 GPI 2017 up 17.3% rising
174 Guinea 0.6276 GPI 2014 up 82.3% rising
175 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0.6195 GPI 2015 up 26.7% rising
176 Central African Republic 0.5935 GPI 2017 up 6.4% rising
177 Togo 0.5756 GPI 2017 up 37.3% rising
178 Congo 0.5694 GPI 2012 down 15.7% rising
179 Afghanistan 0.5437 GPI 2018 up 57.5% rising
180 Benin 0.5324 GPI 2016 up 3.5% rising
181 Chad 0.4357 GPI 2019 up 31.4% rising
182 Equatorial Guinea 0.4195 GPI 2005 up 35.7% rising

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index by country. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 24 August 2026, from https://education.statizoid.com/stat/gross-enrolment-ratio-upper-secondary-gender-parity-index-gpi/

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About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index (GPI)
Unit
GPI
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
227 places, 4,271 data points, 1981–2020
Last refreshed

Ratio of female gross enrolment ratio for upper secondary to the male gross enrolment ratio for upper secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females.