Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Pre-demographic dividend
Pre-demographic dividend: Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes was 72.6% in 2018. ▲ Rising
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Pre-demographic dividend, 1970–2018
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in %.
Analysis
Pre-demographic dividend recorded 72.6% for gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in 2018.
That represents a change of up 0.5% on the previous year and up 6.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Pre-demographic dividend peaked at 74.0% in 2013 and was at its lowest, 32.4%, in 1970.
Pre-demographic dividend ranks 44th of 45 groups on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 49 years of available data.
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Pre-demographic dividend, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 32.4% | — |
| 1971 | 33.1% | +2.0% |
| 1972 | 34.2% | +3.2% |
| 1973 | 35.2% | +3.0% |
| 1974 | 36.8% | +4.6% |
| 1975 | 38.1% | +3.6% |
| 1976 | 39.5% | +3.7% |
| 1977 | 42.3% | +7.2% |
| 1978 | 45.7% | +8.1% |
| 1979 | 49.4% | +8.0% |
| 1980 | 51.4% | +4.0% |
| 1981 | 52.8% | +2.9% |
| 1982 | 54.1% | +2.4% |
| 1983 | 54.5% | +0.7% |
| 1984 | 54.4% | -0.1% |
| 1985 | 53.3% | -2.1% |
| 1986 | 51.9% | -2.6% |
| 1987 | 50.8% | -2.1% |
| 1988 | 50.0% | -1.5% |
| 1989 | 49.0% | -2.1% |
| 1990 | 48.8% | -0.5% |
| 1991 | 49.4% | +1.2% |
| 1992 | 49.0% | -0.7% |
| 1993 | 49.7% | +1.4% |
| 1994 | 49.7% | +0.1% |
| 1995 | 50.1% | +0.8% |
| 1996 | 48.5% | -3.3% |
| 1997 | 50.9% | +4.9% |
| 1998 | 51.6% | +1.4% |
| 1999 | 52.3% | +1.3% |
| 2000 | 54.0% | +3.3% |
| 2001 | 55.6% | +3.1% |
| 2002 | 58.5% | +5.1% |
| 2003 | 61.4% | +5.0% |
| 2004 | 63.5% | +3.5% |
| 2005 | 64.5% | +1.6% |
| 2006 | 65.9% | +2.1% |
| 2007 | 66.5% | +0.9% |
| 2008 | 68.1% | +2.4% |
| 2009 | 69.3% | +1.8% |
| 2010 | 70.4% | +1.5% |
| 2011 | 71.5% | +1.6% |
| 2012 | 72.7% | +1.6% |
| 2013 | 74.0% | +1.8% |
| 2014 | 73.0% | -1.3% |
| 2015 | 72.0% | -1.3% |
| 2016 | 71.9% | -0.2% |
| 2017 | 72.2% | +0.4% |
| 2018 | 72.6% | +0.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 38.7% | 32.4% | 49.4% | 10 |
| 1980s | 52.2% | 49.0% | 54.5% | 10 |
| 1990s | 50.0% | 48.5% | 52.3% | 10 |
| 2000s | 62.7% | 54.0% | 69.3% | 10 |
| 2010s | 72.2% | 70.4% | 74.0% | 9 |
Countries ranked near Pre-demographic dividend
More education data for Pre-demographic dividend
- Primary education, pupils, per capita 0.1591 units per person (2024)
- Primary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, gaps filled 175.74 million (2024)
- Primary education, pupils, annual growth rate 1.12 % change on previous year (2024)
- Population ages 15-64 55.5% (2025)
- Primary education, pupils, per unit of GDP 0.0001 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Secondary education, duration (years), annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Primary education, teachers, gaps filled 4.66 million (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils, gaps filled 70.08 million (2024)
- Population ages 0-14 41.6% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes in Pre-demographic dividend was 72.6% in 2018, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The highest recorded value was 74.0% in 2013.
- What is the lowest gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The lowest recorded value was 32.4% in 1970.
- How does Pre-demographic dividend rank for gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes?
- Pre-demographic dividend ranks 44th out of 45 groups with data for 2018.
- Is gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes rising or falling in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Over the last ten years it is up 6.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Pre-demographic dividend data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Total enrollment in primary and secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of official primary and secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.